Internal-combustion engine



Nov. 22, 1927. 1,649,806

w. B. BRONANDER INTERNAL coMBUsTloN ENGINE Original Filed sept. 23. 1920 4 sheets-Sheet 1 5 ff" J5/3 A @if 4 sheets-sheet 2 W. B. BRONANDER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Original Filed Sept. 23. 1920 Nov. 22, 1927.

Nov. 22, 1927.

1,649,806 w. B. BRONANDER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Original Filed sept. 25. 1920 4 sheets-Sheet 5 j@ @WZ a vf/i V [J nvemoz W/HfL/v/ B. /aNA/VUE/E @How/Lauf Nov. 22, 1927.

W. B. BRONANDER INTERNAL coMBUsTIoN ENGINE Original Filed Sept. 23. 1920 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 vwemtoz Wf//m/m mmzndef @Hom/1e v35 its Patented Nov. 22, 1927.

- UNITED STATES W'UIEIELM IB. IBBONANDER, OF MONTCLAIR, NEW JERSEY.

nv'rnBNAL-comBUsrIoN ENGINE.

- Application filed September 23, 1920, Serial No. 412,224. Renewed April 2, 1927.

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines, and its object is to improve the construction of such engines, especially of those which are operated with comparatively slow burning oils forA fuel. More specifically its object is to provide a doublev cylinder engine of the two cycle type with two pistonsin each cylinder in which the pistons control the inlet and' l5 nism for producing long piston displacement with a short eccentricity of the crank shaft. These and other objects of' the inventlon will appear in the following specilication in which will describe the invention and the novel features of which will be set forth in A ap ended' claims.

eferring to the drawings: v

Figure 1 is a sectional end elevation of an en ine which is made according to and embodies this invention.

,l Figure 2 is a sectional side elevation of the same.

vFigure 3 is a sectional plan view ofthe same engine, the section being taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Figures 4 to 9 are diagrams illustrating the cycle of operation of the engine.

Figure l0 is a sectional end elevation of a V-type engine with four cylinders and with h istons connected with a common crank s a t.

Like characters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures of the drawings.

10 designates a base in which the shaft 11 is supported. This has a, pair of crank pins 12, 12 ot like angularity and eccentricity, spaced apart as shown. Connecting rods 13, 13 extend upwardly from these crank pins. These are T-shaped as transverse projections 14 and 15 extend outwardly from their upper Yends (Fig. l). The transverse extensions are connected by cross rods 16 and 17.

Two cylinders 20 and 30 are aiixed to the 5 base with the division wall 21 between them directly over the shaft 11. This wall is shorter than the cylinders so that the latter are interconnected at their ends by chambers 22 and 23. Spaced inlet ports 24, 25 are provided in the cylinder 20, and spaced exhaust ports 34, 35 are provided in the cylinder 30. Spaced pistons 26, 27 in the cylinder 20 are rigidly connected by a rod 28. Similar pistons 36, 37 in. cylinder 30 are connected by a rod 38. The rod 17 passes through slots 60 39 in the cylinder 30 and is pivotally connected with the rod 38. The rod 16 passes through 'slots 29 in the other cylinder and is slidably connected with rod 28. 32, 32 are oil inlet ports leading into the chamber 22 and 33, 33 are oil inlet ports leading into the chamber 23. lVith this structure described and referring to the diagrams Figs. 4 to 9, the operation will be described., In Fig. 4, the charge is firing in the lower chamber 23 and the upper chamber is being scavenged. The latter result is accomplished by admitting air under pressure into cylinder 20 through ports 24 which air passes through chamber 22, and the upper 'part of cylinder 30 and out through ports 34. Assuming the direction of rotation to be that indicated by the arrows A, the movement of the crank pins from the position shown in Fig. 4 to that shown in Fig. 5, will tilt the cross arm formed by the pro]ec tions 14 and 15 to raise the piston 36 without materiallaecting the position of the piston 26. iston 36 then closes the exhaust ports 34 while the inlet ports 24 are still open. A slight further movement of the crank shaft raises piston 26 to close the inlet ports. This action results in trapping Ysome `of 'the compressed. air in the cylinders 20,

30 and the chamber 22. This is further 90 compressed by the upward movement of the pistons. V

In this compression step it is to be noted that the movement of piston 36 is aster'than that of piston 26 until the pistons reach the positions in which they are shown in Fig. 6. After this the piston 26 rises still further AgFig. 7) and makes the final compression.

t about the point of final compression, fuel oil is injected under pressure and is ignited 100 by the heat generated by the compression. This drives pistons 26, 36 downwardly (Figs.

8 and 9) and oil injection is continued during a desired part of this Working stroke. Because of the fact that the two pistons move in the same direction, although at unequal speeds, during this Working stroke, the effective piston displacement is substantially double that which a crank of the same eccentricity ordinarily imparts to a single` piston.

The tilt of the connecting rod cross arm causes piston 36 to uncover exhaust ports 34 before the crank pin 11 reaches its lowermost position (Fig. 9). The burnt gases are thus released. The exhaust ports remain open until and after the intake ports 34-are opened (Fig. 4). The cycle thus described is repeated.

While this cycle of operations has been going on a similar cycle is functioning in the lower parts of cylinders 20, 30 and chamber 423, but 180 degrees out of step with the described cycle. It is not necessary to describe the operation in the lower part of the cylinders other than to point out that Fig. 4 illustrates the position of the parts at the firing oint or point of maximum compression 5, the lirst part of the working stroke, Igig. 6 the end of the working stroke with the exhaust ports 35 open, Fig. 7 scavenging with inlet ports 34 and exhaust ports 35 both open, Fig. 8 the admission of compressed air through ports 34 after ports 35 are closed, and Fig. 9 a part of the compression stroke.

The engine illustrated in Fig. 10 works on 'the same principle but in this case there are two pairs of cylinders 20', 30^ and 20B and 30B with associated arts similar Ato those shown in Fig. 1 and esignated by the same reference numerals with the letters A and B added thereto. The pistons are connected with the shaft ll as shown. As the arts and the operation are similar to those iiereinbefore pointed out, a specific description of them will not be repeated. 4

Thusv by this compact and extremel simple apparatus, an engine is provide which has the desirable characteristics ot a long stroke engine Without the undesirable long eccentric, and an engine capable of performing an eiiicient cycle function.

I intend no limitations other than those imposed by the appended claims.

What I claim is:

I1. An internal combustion engine comprising a pair of cylinders connected at their opposite ends by closed chambers, spaced inlet ports in one cylinder, spaced exhaust ports in the other cylinder` pistons in the cylinders arranged to control said ports, mechanism connecting the pistons arranged to cause them to move out of step and to open and close said ports in desired sequence.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising a pair of cylinders connected at their oposite ends by closed chambers, spaced inlet ports in one cylinder arranged to communicate with opposite ends of the cylinders, spaced exhaust ports in the other cylinder arranged to communicate with opposite ends of the cylinders, pistons in the cylinders arranged to control said ports, mechanism connecting the pistons arranged to cause them to move out of step and to openan exhaust port before the corresponding inlet port is open and to close said exhaust port before said inlet port is closed.

3. An internal combustion engine comprising a pair of cylinders connected at their o posite ends by closed chambers, spaced in et ports in one cylinder arranged to communicate with opposite ends of the cylinders, spaced exhaust ports in the other cylinder arranged to communicate with opposite ends of the cylinders, 'pistons in the cylinders arranged to control said ports, mechanism connecting the pistons arranged to cause them to move ont of step and at one part of the cycle to open the exhaust port which communicates with one end of the cylinders before the inlet port which communicates with the same end of the cylinders is open and to close said exhaust port before said inlet port is closed, and to cause said pistons at another part of the cycle, to open the exhaust port which communicates with the other end of the cylinders before the inlet port which communicates with said other end of the cylinders is open, and to close the last mentioned exhaust port before the last mentioned inlet port is closed-` 4. An internal combustion engine comprising a pair of cylinders connected at their opposite ends by closed chambers. spaced.inlet ports in one cylinder arranged to communi-cate with opposite ends of the cylinders, spaced exhaust ports in the other cylinder arran ed to communicate with opposite ends o the cylinders, pistons in the cylidersq arranged to control said ports, mechanism connecting the pistons arranged to cause them to move out of step and to open an exhaust port before the corresponding inlet port is open and to close said exhaust port before said inlet port is closed, and means for injecting oil into said chambers near the opposite ends of the cylinders when the pistons are away from their port controlling positions.

5. An internal combustion engine comprising a pair of cylinders connected at their opposite ends by closed chambers. .spaced inlet ports in one cylinder arranged to communicate with opposite ends of the cylinders, spaced exhaust ports in the other cylinder arranged to communicate with opposite ends of the cylinders, pistons in the cylinders 'arranged to cont-rol said ports. mechanism connecting the pistons arranged to cause them to move out of step and at one lll) lll() part of the cycle to open the exhaustv port which communicates with one end of the cylinders before the inlet port which communicates with the same end of the cylinders is open and to close said exhaust port before said inlet port is closed, and to cause said pistons at another part of the cycle to open the exhaust port which communicates with the other end of the cylinders' before the inlet ort which communicates with said other endJ of the cylinders is open, and to close the last mentioned exhaust port before the last mentioned inlet port is closed, and means for injecting oil Vinto said chambers nlar the opposite ends of the cylinderswhen t e trolling positions.

6. An internal combustion, engine comprising a pair of cylinders connected at their opposite ends by' closed chambers, spaced inlet ports in one cylinder, spaced exhaust ports in the other cylinder, pistons 'in the cylinders arranged to control said ports, a

crank shaft, a connecting rod, a cross arm operatively connecting the-'pistons and arranged to cause them to move out of step,

and to open and close said ports in desired s ence. v

An" internal combustion engine comprising a pair of cylinders connected at their opposite ends by closed chambers, spaced inlet ports in one cylinder arranged to communicate with opposite Vends of the cylinders, spaced exhaust ports in. the other cylinderarranged to communicate with opposite ends of the cylinders, pistons in the cylinders arranged to control said ports, a crank shaft, a connecting rod, a cross arm operatively connecting the pistons and arranged to cause them to move out of step and to open an exhaust port before the corres onding inlet port is open and to close sai exhaust port before said inlet port is closed.

8. An internal combustion engine comprising a pair of cylinders connected at their opposite ends by closed chambers, spaced inletports in one cylinder arranged to communicatc with opposite ends of the cylinders, spaced exhaust ports in the other cylinder arranged to communicate with o posite ends of the cylinders, pistons in t e cylinders arranged to control said ports, a` crank shaft, a connecting rod, a cross armY operatively connecting'the pistons and arranged to cause them to move out of step and at one part of the cycle to open the exhaust port which communicates with one end of the cylinders before the inlet port which communicates with the same end of' the cylinders and to close said exhaust port ,before said inlet port is closed, and to cause said pistons atanother part'of the cycle to istons are away from their-port con-l the inlet port which communicates with said other end of the cylinders is open, and to close the last mentioned exhaust port before kthe last mentioned inlet port is closed.

9. An internal combustion engine comprising a pair of cylinders connected at their opposite ends4 by closed chambers, spaced and to open an exhaust port before the correl,

sponding inlet port is open and to close said exhaust port before said inlet port is closed, andv means for injecting oil into said chambers near the opposite ends of the cylinders when" the pistons are away from their port controlling positions. 10. An internal combustion engine comprlsing a pair of cylinders connected at their opposite ends by closed chambers, spaced inlet ports in one cylinder arranged to communicate with opposite ends of the cylinders, spaced exhaust ports in the other Ycylinder arranged to communicate with o posite ends of the cylinders, pistons in t e cylinders arranged to control said ports, a crank shaft, 'a connecting rod, a. cross arm `operatively connecting -the pistons and arranged to cause them to move out of step at one plart of the cycle to open the exhaust port w ch communicates with one end of the cylinders before the inlet port which communicates with the same end of the cylinders and to close said exhaust port before said inlet port is closed, and to cause saidV -the other end of thecylinders before the inlet port which communicates with said other end o-f the cylinders is open, and to close the lastmentioned exhaust port before the last mentioned inlet port is closed, Vand means for injectin oil into said chambers near the opposite en of the cylinders when the pistons are away from their port controlling positions. A

11. An internal combustion engine comprising a plurality of inter-communicating cylinders, spaced inlet and exhaust ports in said cylinders, a piston in each cylinder, a crank shaft having a crank, a member connected to said crank and pivotally connected to one of said pistons and slidably connected to the other piston.

12.l An internal combustion engine comprising a pair of intercommunicatin "c linders, spaced inlet ports in one cy er and spaced exhaust ports in the other cylinder, a pair of pistons in each cylinder, a

las

of pistons in each cylinder, means connecte ing the pistons of each pair, a crank shaft, and means connected to said shaft and pivotally connected to the piston connecting means in one cylinder and slidably connected to the piston connecting means in the other cylinder.

In Witness whereof I hereunto set my hand this 14th day of september, 1920.

WHJHELM B. BRONANDER. 

